In this lesson, we will learn how to use the grammatical constructions: ia (particle and anaphoric) and hia (suffix) in Tahitian.
Ia and hia in Tahitian
Ia… ia… and sometimes hia? In my opinion, in this first chapter, it is judicious to approach the theory.
Let’s come back to our subject:
- If I tell you “ia”, you will answer me?
- We have already seen this in a previous lesson.
- Correct!
Straightforward, we will learn in this lesson that it can be used in 2 ways:
- as particle ia
- as anaphoric ia
And that hia is used as a suffix.
Function | Detail | Previous lesson |
Particle ia | The particle i (which is the particle of location, time, object,
achievement) becomes ia:
This particle has other functions that we will see in other lessons. |
Particle I in Tahitian – Location, time, object, achievement – Ia |
Anaphoric ia | Reverses the sentence structure
Enable to highlight the subject Refers to a word or group of words already mentioned |
|
The hia suffix | Hia is used as a suffix of a verb. And transforms it into the past participle of the verb | Prefixes and suffixes in Tahitian – Faa, Haa, Raa, Hia – Tei hea |
The anaphoric ia in Tahitian
In this second chapter, let’s focus on the anaphoric ia that we discover in this lesson.
Little reminder :
As we learned in the lesson: Make a sentence in Tahitian – Particle I, no, na
Grammar rule: Structure of a sentence |
In Tahitian, the structure is as follows: VERB + SUBJECT + COMPLEMENTExample: Tē haere nei au i te haapiiraa. |
Now let’s learn the grammar rule for the anaphoric ia:
Grammar rule: Anaphoric ia |
The anaphoric i inverts the structure of the sentence and ia is positioned after the complement.Basic structure: VERB + SUBJECT + COMPLEMENT
Structure with the anaphoric ia: SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT + IA This anaphoric allows to:
E ‘urī teie ‘animara => Teie ‘animara, e ‘urī ia |
Let’s illustrate with examples:
Tahitian | English |
E ‘urī teie ‘animara | This animal is a dog |
Teie ‘animara, e ‘urī ia | This animal, it is a dog |
E painapo teie māa hotu | This fruit is a pineapple |
Teie māa hotu, e painapo ia | This fruit, it is a pineapple |
E Mere teie tamāhine | This girl is Mere |
Teie tamāhine, e Mere ia | This girl, it is Mere |
The already known vocabulary
The already known vocabulary is as follows, it appears in green. Grammatical constructions appear in red.
- E: The present tense in Tahitian – E, Tē…nei, Tē…ra
- Teie = This, that, these, those: This, that, these, those in Tahitian – Teie, tena, tera – Tē vai nei, tē vai ra
- The animals in Tahitian
- ‘Urī = Dog
- ‘Animara = Animal
- The fruits and vegetables in Tahitian
- Painapo = Pineapple
- Māa hotu = Fruit
- Tamāhine = Girl, daughter, niece: The family in Tahitian
Examples
In this third chapter, let’s illustrate with examples the 3 functions of our lesson:
Tahitian | English |
Tē ‘imi nei au i te ‘oire no Papeete | I’m looking for the city of Papeete |
Tē ‘imi nei au ia Papeete |
I’m looking for Papeete |
E ‘uru teie | This is a fruit of the breadfruit |
Teie, e ‘uru ia | This, it is a breadfruit fruit |
Herehia | Loved |
Teie tamarii herehia na to na nā metua | This child loved by his parents |
The already known vocabulary
The already known vocabulary is as follows, it appears in green. Grammatical constructions appear in red.
- Tē… nei, e: The present tense in Tahitian – E, Tē…nei, Tē…ra
- Au = I Introduce yourself in Tahitian – I, you, he – Vau, au – Who
- First 30 verbs in Tahitian
- ‘Imi = To search
- Here = To love
- A, the in Tahitian – Te, te mau – Tāne, vahine
- Te = A, the
- Nā = The (dual)
- Nā metua = The parents (in the sense, the 2 parents)
- Particle i, no, na: Make a sentence in Tahitian – Particle I, no, na
- I = at
- No = From
- Na = By
- ‘Oire = City: Where are you from in Tahitian – Where are you going – Mai, atu
- Teie = This, that, these, those: This, that, these, those in Tahitian – Teie, tena, tera – Tē vai nei, tē vai ra
- The family in Tahitian
- Tamarii = Child
- Metua = Parent
- To na: His: My name is in Tahitian – My, your, his – To’u, ta’u
And after ?
With this lesson we have just learned how to use ia and hia.